Rezumatul saptaminal al GRIPEI - FluView - in SUA Imprimare
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Luni, 14 Ianuarie 2013 20:06

                Indicatorii cheie  ai  gripei

           Statele Unite ale Americii are un sezon de gripa timpurie, cu care    se  confrunta  cea mai mare parte a țării , în prezent  fiin  in  USA    un nivel ridicat de pseudo-gripale-boala (ILI).

                                               

           În raportul din această săptămână FluView, unii indicatori cheie de activitate gripa a continuat să crească, în timp ce altele au căzut. E prea devreme pentru a spune exact ce înseamnă acest lucru, dar unele regiuni ar putea fi atins punctul culminant, în timp ce alte părți ale țării sunt încă în ascensiune.

Această actualizare conține date pentru FluView săptămâni între 30 decembrie 2012 și 05 ianuarie 2013.Mai jos este un rezumat al indicatorilor-cheie:    Proporția persoanelor văzând furnizorul lor de ingrijire a sanatatii pentru boli asemanatoare gripei (ILI) a scăzut de la 6,0% la 4,3% pentru săptămâna încheiată la data de 5 ianuarie dar rămâne deasupra liniei de bază națională pentru saptamana consecutiv cincea.


     Douăzeci și patru de state si New York City sunt de raportare acum maxima în activitate ILI. Săptămâna trecută, 29 de state au raportat maxima în activitate ILI. În plus, 16 sunt de raportare un nivel moderat de activitate ILI; o creștere de la 9 state din săptămâna anterioară. Statele raportare mare activitate ILI pentru săptămâna încheiată la 05 ianuarie 2013 includ Alabama, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, Carolina de Nord, Dakota de Nord, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, și Virginia de Vest.


 

  • Forty-seven states reported widespread geographic influenza activity for the week between December 30, 2012 and January 5, 2013. This is an increase from 41 states in the previous week. Geographic Spread data are based on assessments made by each state health department and show how many areas within a state or territory are seeing flu activity. The assessments made by each state health department are based on the detection of outbreaks of flu, increases in the percent of people visiting the doctor with flu-like symptoms, and patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza.
  • Since October 1, 2012, 3,710 laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported; an increase of 1,443 hospitalizations from the previous week. This translates to a rate of 13.3 influenza-associated hospitalizations per 100,000 people in the United States.
  • Influenza-associated hospitalizations are highest among people 65 and older. Of the 3,710 influenza-associated hospitalizations that have been reported this season, 46% have been among people 65 and older.
  • Hospitalization data are collected from 15 states to calculate a rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations that is reasonably representative of the nation. These data do not reflect the actual total number of influenza-associated hospitalizations in the United States.
  • The proportion of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza (P&I) based on the 122 Cities Mortality Reporting System is now slightly above the epidemic threshold for the first time this season.
  • Two influenza-related pediatric deaths were reported during the week between December 30 and January 5. One of the deaths was associated with an influenza A (H3) virus, and one was associated with an influenza A virus of unknown subtype. This brings the total number of influenza-associated pediatric deaths reported to CDC for 2012-2013 to 20. Additional information regarding pediatric deaths is available through FluView Interactive.
  • Nationally, the percentage of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza in the United States during the week ending January 5, 2012 decreased from 35.2% in the previous week to 32.8% (Last week CDC reported 31.6% positive. This number increased after additional reports were submitted.)
  • Influenza A (H3N2), 2009 influenza A (H1N1), and influenza B viruses have all been identified in the U.S. this season. During the week ending January 5, 2013, 3,369 of the 4,222 influenza positive tests reported to CDC were influenza A and 853 were influenza B viruses. Of the 1,586 influenza A viruses that were subtyped, 98% were H3 viruses and 2% were 2009 H1N1 viruses.
  • Since October 1, 2012, CDC has antigenically characterized 521 influenza viruses, including 17 2009 influenza A (H1N1) viruses, 327 influenza A (H3N2) viruses and 177 influenza B viruses.
  • All 17 of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) viruses were characterized as A/California/7/2009-like. This is the influenza A (H1N1) component of the Northern Hemisphere vaccine for the 2012-2013 season.
  • Of the 327 influenza A (H3N2) viruses, 325 (99%) were characterized as A/Victoria/361/2011-like. This is the influenza A (H3N2) component of the Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine for the 2012-2013 season.
  • Approximately 67% of the 177 influenza B viruses belonged to the B/Yamagata lineage of viruses, and were characterized as B/Wisconsin/1/2010-like, the influenza B component for the 2012-2013 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine. The remaining 33% of the tested influenza B viruses belonged to the B/Victoria lineage of viruses.
  • Since October 1, 2012, CDC has tested 70 2009 influenza A (H1N1), 600 influenza A (H3N2), and 230 influenza B virus isolates for resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors this season. The tested viruses showed susceptibility to the antiviral drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir. High levels of resistance to the adamantanes (amantadine and rimantadine) persist among 2009 influenza A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) viruses. Adamantanes are not effective against influenza B viruses.

 

FluView is available – and past issues are archived – on the CDC website.

Note: As a result of the end of year holidays and elevated influenza activity, some surveillance sites may be experiencing longer than normal reporting delays. As such, data is likely to change as additional reports are received. The most up to date data for all weeks during the 2012-13 season can be found on the current FluView webpage.